eISSN: 1897-4317
ISSN: 1895-5770
Gastroenterology Review/Przegląd Gastroenterologiczny
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SCImago Journal & Country Rank
2/2022
vol. 17
 
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abstract:
Original paper

Histamine 2 receptor antagonists do not improve the outcomes of hospitalized COVID-19 patients

Waseem Amjad
1
,
Faisal Kamal
2
,
Adnan Malik
3
,
Ritu Singh
4, 5
,
Sultan Mahmood
6

  1. Department of Internal Medicine, Albany Medical Center, Albany, NY, USA
  2. Department of Gastroenterology, University of Tennessee, Memphis, TN, USA
  3. Department of Internal Medicine, Loyola University Medical Center, Chicago, IL, USA
  4. Department of Internal Medicine, University of Indiana, Fort Wayne, IN, USA
  5. Johns Hopkins Bloomberg School of Public Health, Baltimore, MD, USA
  6. Department of Gastroenterology, University at Buffalo, Buffalo, NY, USA
Gastroenterology Rev 2022; 17 (2): 146–151
Online publish date: 2021/07/14
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Introduction
Some observational studies have demonstrated the benefit of famotidine in COVID-19-infected individuals. The preference of using an H2 receptor antagonist (H2RA) over proton pump inhibitors (PPI) during the COVID-19 pandemic has been questioned by clinicians.

Aim
To compare the outcomes of hospitalized patients who were taking H2RA vs. PPI.

Material and methods
We conducted a retrospective review of patients admitted for COVID-19 infection from 1 March until 31 July 2020. We included 396 patients admitted during the study period. Of the total, 39 (9.8%) received H2RA and 86 (21.7%) were taking PPI as home medications; 6 patients were taking both H2RA and PPI.

Results
The baseline characteristics and comorbid conditions were similar in both groups. The mean age was 57.79 ±17.36 years, 43.2% were female, and 48.7% were Caucasian. The common comorbid conditions included HTN (56.8%), obesity (44.4%), diabetes mellitus (38.6%), and coronary artery disease (30.1%). Smoking was more prevalent in the PPI group (42.5% vs. 18.2%, p = 0.03). Gastrointestinal symptoms were seen on initial presentation in 31.1%, and 43.9% had elevated liver enzymes. The H2RA group had similar mortality (HR = 0.84, 95% CI: 0.35–2.05) to the non-H2B group. It remained non-significant as compared to PPI (HR = 0.34–3.19, 95% CI: 0.34–3.19). The secondary outcomes including readmission, ICU admission, and severe COVID infections (including ARDS and thromboembolism) were similar in these groups.

Conclusions
The H2 receptor antagonist used as a home medication did not show benefit over the PPI in patients admitted for COVID-19 infections.

keywords:

coronavirus disease 2019, H2 receptor blocker, proton pump inhibitors

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